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Élisabeth de Gramont : ウィキペディア英語版 | Élisabeth de Gramont
Antoinette Corisande Élisabeth, Duchess of Clermont-Tonnerre (née de Gramont; 23 April 1875 – 6 December 1954) was a French writer of the early 20th century, best known for her long-term lesbian relationship with Natalie Clifford Barney. A descendant of Henry IV of France, Élisabeth de Gramont had grown up among the highest aristocracy; when she was a child, according to Janet Flanner, "peasants on her farm... begged her not to clean her shoes before entering their houses". She looked back on this lost world of wealth and privilege with little regret, and became known as the "red duchess" for her support of socialism. She was a close friend, and sometimes critic of writer Marcel Proust, whom she had met on 9 June 1903. == Early life == She was born Antonia Corisande Élisabeth de Gramont in Nancy, France. Called "Lily", she was the daughter of Agénor, 11th duc de Gramont, and his wife, ''née'' Princesse Isabelle de Beauvau-Craon.〔Souhami, 72〕 Her mother died giving birth to her, and her father remarried the wealthy Marguerite de Rothschild.〔
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